Monday, May 25, 2020

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Iv Classification System

DSM-IV Model Teresa Allen Western International University Abnormal Psychology BEH-440-3281Your Course Number Mollie Surgine December 18, 2017 DSM-IV Model In regarding the mental and physical aspects of classification systems, the DSM is the classification system designed by the American Psychiatric Association to diagnose patients through a number of criteria’s, reviews, and research in order to treat mental and physical illness. To diagnose and produce treatment for both clients and patients, this model is focused on current and widely used research. One of the benefits in suing the DSM is that the model fosters health care professionals in maintaining some form of consistency in the development for a treatment plan. Other†¦show more content†¦One of the assessment tools used in diagnosing patients and clients are what clinical professionals call clinical screening one of many techniques to assess a person’s mental health. Screening test is judged by its reliability and the measure of providing consistence results, screening of all ages, including the young and the elderly. Although there are several tools involved in clinical assessments to foster practitioners to evaluate mental and emotional illness and there are some that do not yield positive results. For example the clinical outcomes using the variable scale known as the (COV’S) was designed as a tool to be used by physical therapist in the assessments of functional mobility status or to identify and treat clients. This type of assessment provides detail in areas of mobility and monitoring motor tasks, In addition, there are some setbacks as well due to the lengthy list of equipment used for medical purposes and the substantial amount of time required. There is also a certain criteria needed for extensive validity of this assessment tool. With clinical interviews having both unstructured and structured portions, many practitioners choose one over the other. Unstructured interviews can lack reliability while some interviews do produce some valuable data about people but is still inconsistent in diagnosis. In reality there are limits to what interviews can accomplish. Structured interviews are used widely by cognitive and behavioral cliniciansShow MoreRelatedStrengths and Weaknesses of the Dsm1054 Words   |  5 PagesDSM-IV: Strengths and Weaknesses The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is currently the most frequently used way of standardizing and defining psychological disorders. However, the classification systems such as DSM have advantages and disadvantages. The major weakness of DSM is that it judges symptoms superficially and ignores other possible important factors. The major strength of DSM is that it enables categorization of psychological disorders. The first editionRead MoreExploration Of Oil And Gas Resources Essay1715 Words   |  7 Pagescommunities. These stringent environmental concerns have led to research and development of many water based drilling muds but these muds still don’t offer the desired drilling performances like OBMs. We shall now look at the advantages and disadvantages of both OBMs and WBMs Advantages of WBM: WBMs pose a comparably minimal risk to the environment, there’s a lower logistical challenge as compared to OBMs in terms of transporting of the liquid phase, For WBMs disposal doesn’t require high transportationRead MoreCase Study Abnormal Psychology951 Words   |  4 Pagesand social relationships, which is maladaptive (Psychology facts, 2007). Jim behavior is statistically abnormal because he is notably poles apart from the society norm, his behavior has low score in the society distributed acceptable qualities DSM-IV refers to the â€Å"Diagnostic and statistical Manual of mental disorders.† It defines mental disorder as a clinical considerable psychological or behavioral pattern that occurs in individuals and link with the current distress like painful symptom or disabilityRead MoreNetworking Analysis : An Analysis Of Pre-Clustering902 Words   |  4 Pagesretrieval, bioinformatics and data compression[2].Clustering is not a specific algorithm but can be achieved by various techniques that differ significantly in their techniques of cluster formation[2].When dealing with a large dataset, clustering and classification techniques help in better data processing as now instead of dealing with all the data in the dataset, only clusters are dealt with and that reduces the complexity in handling such huge volume of data. Clustering is broadly specified into two mainRead MoreRadio Waves And Transmission Of Mobile Station2086 Words   |  9 Pagescells (ii) Problems faced when there were no cells (iii) Advantages of having cells (iv) Disadvantages of having cells Answer:- (i) History of Cell The old system used a single radio transmitter to transmit the signals to the mobile stations so it can use limited frequencies to transmit the signal, which in turn reduce the number of mobile stations which can be catered by a single base station. To improve the system it was needed to cater more mobile stations, for this the areaRead MoreStandards Terminology Paper : Nursing Intervention Classification And The Nursing Outcome Classification1493 Words   |  6 PagesTerminology Paper Elizaveta Pavlenko Frostburg State University Preface In standards terminology paper one patient’s assessment will be presented along with Nursing Diagnosis, Nursing intervention Classification and the Nursing Outcome Classification. In conclusion part of the paper, the summary of these systems will be provided. Clinical Encounter Mary Smith, Female, 56 years old, presented to Emergency Department with abnormal Chest Xray, fever, chills and generalized weakness on Friday, 10/31/2014Read MoreThe Personality Of A Human Being By His Handwriting Essay1299 Words   |  6 PagesEXISTING SYSTEM In existing system identifying the personality of a human being by his handwriting is an old technique. Before, the nature of an individual was predicted manually, which took a long time. Recognizing a writer`s personality from his handwriting has recently become a considerable and interesting subject in psychology. DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING SYSTEM 1. Manually personality prediction. 2. It took long time for personality prediction. 3. Existing system does not recognize the emotionsRead MoreResearch Method Table For Tma011140 Words   |  5 Pageswere looking for the correlation between pain factors and bipolar disorder. Advantages of the type of study you have identified in the box above. Include 2 advantages in your answer (4 marks) See Boxes 4.5 and 4.11 Correlation study seeks the association between variables and can collect information from many subjects and sources. Disadvantages of the type of study you have identified in the box above. Include 2 disadvantages in your answer (4 marks) See Boxes 4.5 and 4.11 Unfortunately, where are twoRead MoreBenefits Of Data Coding Standards856 Words   |  4 Pagesamong various systems. In the healthcare industry, data coding standards are applied in numerous ways. The LOINC standard may be applied while collecting data for a medical test and analyzing it. The suggested medications may follow standards by SNOMED before being stored into a patient’s electronic health record. Finally, a patient’s prognosis may follow disease classifications from ICD-10. (2) The benefits of having such standards are apparent as data exchange among disparate systems following suchRead MoreShiseido Case Study Report Essay990 Words   |  4 PagesTherefore it seems logical to use that approach. However, there are also disadvantages: Other important factors may vary within the age groups. Just because two people having the same age doesn’t have to result in the same behavior. Educational or geographical differences (e.g. city / countryside) can mess up the age-defined target groups. Also the needs may differ within the age-groups. For example contains the age-group IV all customers aged 35 to 54. But a 35 year old woman or men most likely has

Thursday, May 14, 2020

The Perfect Woman in Our Society - 1540 Words

Society and people on a whole demonstrates what a perfect woman should be like. The picture of a perfect woman in our society is demonstrated in advertisements, on different magazine covers, and for just about anything that a woman is featured in. Now my question is why the pressure is so heavily placed on females to be so perfect? Women are pressured in many aspects of their lives, like how they look, their emotions, and their role as a woman. Women in society have a certain appearance to look up to. They don’t just have to be beautiful but rather amazingly beautiful. Lisa Jervis and Andi Zeisler state in their book â€Å"bitchfest† that â€Å"Vogue long ago perfected the process of erasing overweight folks from existence – even the all-powerful†¦show more content†¦Women are supposed to show their feelings and emotions on a regular basis. So therefore in every little way women try to express what they feel. They do this by talk about others, try to down grade others, cry, show different emotions, and express what’s on their mind. We all have tragic incidents that may occur in our family that makes women emotions go high. In the case of a death a woman is obligated to express their emotions. Woman should cry and make a big deal about who ever they’re morning and as the funeral comes around, the woman should be the source of sympathy and softness that everyone runs to. If women do not express their feels they have disappointed there families and what society say they should be. They also allow people to talk about them in the most demeaning way. Others will judge them that they don’t care about what happen and that they do not have a heart. By others say this stuff, it hurts the woman feelings and then the woman is now convinced that she is a bad support and that everyone hates her. This woman is pressured to meet the need of everyone around her and this makes emotions go high. Because of what society says a woman should be it forces a woman to meet these qualifications. As we go women there whole show is to suit the opposite sex. They do certain stuff and make sure stuff is mostly perfect. In these cases more emotions take over the females and they sometimesShow MoreRelatedJack Solomon s Master s Of Desire : The Culture Of American Advertising1214 Words   |  5 PagesIn our society today a business is not a business without an advertisement. These advertisements advertise what American’s want and desire in their lives. According to Jack Solomon in his essay, â€Å"Master’s of Desire: The Culture of American Advertising,† Jack Solomon claims: â€Å"Because ours is a highly diverse, pluralistic society, various advertisements may say different things depending on their intended audiences, but in every case they say something about America, about the status of our hopesRead MoreThe Ideal of a Man The Ideal of a Woman of the Heian Court Based on Genji Monogatari1258 Words   |  6 PagesThe ideal of a man and the ideal of a wo man of the Heian court differs significantly from what people of our modern society might consider ideal, but that is to be expected as our modern society has had much time to be exposed to and affected by the influences of many different cultures viewpoints. In comparison, the Heian court was a more closed society, so back then, the notions of what was acceptable and unacceptable and the standards to which men and women were measured were more defined. Read MoreWhat If I Just Lost Weight Essay1032 Words   |  5 Pagesonce in their life. Woman are constantly putting their bodies through awful diets and harsh workouts, just to become perfect in someone else eyes. Woman and young girls see figures of other women with a double zero pants size and ask â€Å"why can’t I look like that?† Today society puts too much pressure on young women to have the perfect body. What society needs to say is all women are beautiful, there is no such thing as the perfect body. Today, women are putting down other woman for being a size fourteenRead MoreBarbie Doll Fantasy Exposed in Marge Piercy’s Barbie Doll Essay example1607 Words   |  7 Pages Is Barbie the model woman? For generations girls have played with this doll and many have aspired to be just like her: the party girl, career women and the beauty queen all wrapped into one. In Marge Piercy’s poem entitled â€Å"Barbie Doll† the title foreshadows the theme of the poem which is that girls are ultimately and fatally entrapped by society’s narrow definitions of feminine behavior and beauty. When Piercy compares the young lady in the poem to a Barbie doll she is revealingRead MoreEffects Of Social Media On Female Body Image1717 Words   |  7 Pagessends subliminal messages into a female’s brain that makes them think they need to reach the expectations of what they read on the internet and in magazines or what they see on television (TV). The pressur e a female is put under to become the â€Å"ideal woman† is detrimental to their health, not only physically but also mentally. The images of beauty are unrealistic and are constantly changing, making it hard to keep up with the latest body trend. In reality, even the models and the people we look up toRead More A womans view Essay869 Words   |  4 PagesA womans view A Women’s View There are a lot of specific cultural values that have been taught to women by society since birth. The three essays, â€Å"I Want a Wife† by Judy Syfers, â€Å"How the Superwoman Myth Puts Women Down† by Sylvia Rabiner, and â€Å"An Open Window On My Private World† by Jane Elizabeth Lemke are all written by women who share their experiences with us. The three essays explore the value of self, power, controlRead MoreOverview of the Smurfette Principle1716 Words   |  7 Pagesa young age and carry that perspective with us throughout our lives. This Smurfette principle has been around for almost two decades. It was introduced by Katha Pollitt and is unfortunately still present in our current 21st century. In the society we live in, we are all looking for acceptance, whether we like to admit it or not. We turn to the media to see what other people are doing. The media plays a large role on the way we, a society as a whole, are influenced and think about responsibilitiesRead MoreThe Media Has A Negative Effect On Women1338 Words   |  6 Pageslong blonde hair, and skinny waist and thighs? This is what beauty is for most women. Beauty is very predominant in a women’s world. People have their own perception of beauty, but we are all heavily influenced by society as well as the media. The things that the media inculcates into our minds are the things that we contemplate very often. Every time we see a celebrity or a model on television or a magazine we want to be just like them. Sadly, we cannot be like them, as much as we tried. Beauty comesRead MoreImpact Of A Mediated Society On Society1735 Words   |  7 PagesImpact of a Mediated Society Mass media has a direct and enormous affect on the current society from pop culture gossip to education among schools. The media is not only present in the environment but goes to lengths to control and dictate the feelings and perceptions of the current generation. Given that technology constantly reaches kids at younger ages, the prevalent existence influences children at younger years as time passes. Living in a highly mediated society shapes the way people seeRead MoreThe Essay Analysis of Barbie Doll1282 Words   |  6 Pagesalways the case, especially for women. As girls season into women they realize they not only have to face the fact that they’re in a patriarchal society, but also the influences and pressure they face in the social aspect of things, such as their looks and body image. There is so much competition amongst girls, especially when transitioning into a woman and through most of their adulthood. So instead of being able to enjoy life and absorbing the tru e quality of it, we are side tracked with superficial

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The s Impact On Canadian Constructions Of Heritage And Islam

Spectacle and the Universal: ISIL’s Impact on Canadian Constructions of Heritage and Islam Context and Research Question: In August 2015, after capturing the ancient Roman site of Palmyra, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) spectacularly exploded the remains of the Temple of Bel and the Temple of Baalshamin. They immediately spread the images of their destruction online by creating videos and news reports. ISIL’s acts of destruction mark the largest-scale mass destruction of antiquities by one group since the Second World War (Kulish and Myers 2016), and their videos are extremely effective in disseminating their spectacles outside of the Middle East. Scholars in art history, archaeology, and law consider these acts the destruction of cultural heritage (HarmansÃŒ §ah 2015; Bauer 2015; Brodie 2015; Drasewska 2015; He 2015; Kila 2015). In particular, ISIL’s videos seek to defy Western European ideas about cultural heritage which are often cast as universal (Meskell 2002, 568) and engage a worldwide audience through carefully articulated performance s. However, the many Canadian journalists using digital media to protest the destruction and reassert their own humanitarian, cosmopolitan, and civilized heritage values clearly mark the success of this strategy (Manley 2016). In fact, a trend emerged where popular news stories claim that ISIL is destroying the heritage that belongs to all of humanity (HarmansÃŒ §ah 2015, 173). Some scholars dispute the validity of thisShow MoreRelatedEid-Ul-Fitr7138 Words   |  29 PagesAllahu Akbar (God is Great), three of them in the beginning of the first rakaah and three of them just before ruku in the second rakaah in the Hanafi school.[2] Eid ul-Fitr is sometimes also known as the Smaller Eid (Arabic: Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¹Ã™Å Ã˜ ¯ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ µÃ˜ ºÃ™Å Ã˜ ± al-‘Ä «du á ¹ £-á ¹ £aghÄ «r‎) as compared to the Eid al-Adha, which lasts four days following the Hajj and is casually referred to as the Greater Eid (Arabic: Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¹Ã™Å Ã˜ ¯ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Æ'Ø ¨Ã™Å Ã˜ ± al-‘Ä «du l-kab Ä «r‎). Although in Southeast Asian countries, Eid-ul-Fitr is considered greater thanRead MoreCulture in Marketing Essay4606 Words   |  19 Pagesimmediate family of procreation and even then the unit might not be permanent the father and mother of the children might not remain together for the entirety of the child rearing process. Thus social and cultural influences interwine and have a great impact on the personnal and physiological processes in the consumer buyer behaviour processes and as such play an integral part in the understanding of the consumer in international markets. Toys R Us found quite distinct differences in the type of toysRead MoreEssay on International Management9589 Words   |  39 Pagesnegotiators from Canada Timber,we felt that chosing Mr Kevin Peterson,A regional salesperson was a wrong decision made by Tim Wilder. Question 2: What differences in culture between the Japanese and Canadians can be found in this case? Answer 2: 1.Directness. Canadians tend to be more direct than Japanese. They are more likely to say â€Å"No† to things openly and are more forward about their opinions, even when they differ from or contradict another person’s opinions. This may come acrossRead MoreCultural Anthropology6441 Words   |  26 Pagesthe image of the family and not wider society - Pastoralists have designed political structures like the tepee and the yert - States show their power through the construction of monuments (skyscrapers). * Decorative gardens are a product of state-level societies e.g. Tulips in Ottawa * Pride in Canada, what it means to be Canadian! Stereotypical tour of Nations Capital There is cross cultural variation of importance of flowers in art, flowers are not a prominent motif in African art, perhapsRead MoreIndian English Novel17483 Words   |  70 Pagescontemporary touch with the coming of Mulk Raj Anand, Raja Rao and R.K.Narayan. The social disparity of India which was aptly described by Mulk Raj Anand in his Coolie, the imaginary village life with its entire unedited realities in R.K. Narayan`s Malgudi Days and last but not the least the aura of Gandhism depicted by Raja Rao in his remarkable novel Kanthapura portrayed a whole new India. The need of the `foreigners` depicting India amidst their write ups was not needed as Indians wantedRead MoreCoco Cola18335 Words   |  74 Pagesthe  corn  used to produce corn syrup often comes from genetically altered plants.[8]  Some nutritionists also caution against consumption of high fructose corn syrup because of possible links to  obesity  and  diabetes.[9] This causes problems with Coke s distribution and bottling network, because specific franchise districts are guaranteed an exclusive market area for Coke products. Mexican-made Coca-Cola may often be found for sale in stores catering to the Hispanic immigrant community.  Kosher  for  Passover  CokeRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesland and that Jamaicans should look to Africa for their model of value rather than to Europe, which was seen as foolish and a painful reminder of slavery and oppression. Rasta was an offense to those who wanted to deny the African part of their heritage. And the truth is also that in Jamaica at that time the privileging of lighter-skinned people was standard practice. Rastas were confronting so many of these long-held notions and so were bound to face a great deal of resistance. What EdmondsRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pagesbusiness and the increasing importance of corporate social responsibility and sustainability in global management. 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To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturersRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 PagesThis led to the appearance of ‘generic’ medicines which have exactly the same active ingredients as the original brand, and compete on price. The dramatic impact of generic entry is illustrated by Allegra, a treatment for hay fever, which lost 84 per cent of US sales in just 12 weeks following patent expiry in 2006. Generics had a major impact on the industry, providing incentives for innovation and a race to market, since the time during which RD costs could be recouped was drastically curtailed

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Outsourcing of the Business Functions-Free-Samples-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing Business Functions. Answer: Introduction The report is prepared to discuss about outsourcing the business functions considering its advantages and disadvantages related to it. The business process and functions outsourcing means management of the internal business functions such as human resource management, financial and accounting, front office outsourcing along with providing better customer related services to enhance the efficiency of the organization. Few of the benefits of outsourcing the business functions are Better control over the capita costs, reduce costs of labor management, focus on the core business functions and processes and lesser amounts of risks faced in business (Solakivi, Tyli and Ojala 2013). Project objective The main objective of the report is to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing the business functions. Project scope There is quite a good scope for conducting the project, because a large numbers of benefits as well as drawbacks are obtained by outsourcing the business functions. The business functions outsourcing could not only manage the business operations and processes with the involvement of a third party service provider, but could also facilitate the manufacturing and production processes along with outsourcing the larger segments of the supply chains. The internal operations would include human resource management, finance and accounting activities along with customer related services to ensure effective business operations and fulfillment of the needs and expectations of the customers too (Willcocks and Cullen 2013). The outsourcing of the business functions could allow for knowledge process outsourcing, at the same time manage legal process outsourcing for combining a wide pool of talent, and maintain workforce efficiency. There is immense scope for managing the project because of some of the major benefits including the enhancement in companys flexibility and direct control over the quality of products and services offered by the business organizations. The services offered through business functions outsourcing are by the vendors on a fee-for-service basis, which allows for increasing the organizations flexibility and even transforming the fixed costs into the variable costs. By transforming the fixed costs into variable costs, it would become easy for the organizations to respond to the changes in capacity of the organization and increase the ability not to spend much on the assets (Gurung and Prater 2017). The companies could focus on the core competencies, which would further create enough scopes and opportunities for meeting the demands of the bureaucratic restraints and develop the core business processes with much ease and effectiveness. This would create more opportunities for the organization to develop positive relationships with the customers, furthermore maintain product leadership and operational excellence to gain competitive advantage in business. It would speed up the business processes and make effective utilization of the supply chains to enhance the efficacy of the manufacturing and production processes too (Brown, Sturgeon and Cole 2013). The premature internal transition related issues would be overcome, which could enhance the flexibility of the organization and maintain steadiness in the organizational life cycle, furthermore obtain the speed and agility to become successful in terms of profitability and competitive advantage (Caruth, Haden and Caruth 2013). Outsourcing the business functions The outsourcing of business functions is mainly done for reducing the costs of labor management and improving the management and allocation of resources properly for ensuring better manufacturing and production processes. Dolgui and Proth (2013) stated that the outsourcing of the business functions could also allow for directing the focus on the core competencies as well as handle the resources for proper management of tasks at the organizations. The business organizations mainly outsource the business functions for controlling the operational costs and improving the company focus on obtaining the best class facilities and managing the internal resources properly (Dolgui and Proth 2013). The maximization of the use of external resources would be possible, which would increase the chances of streamlining the business operations and share the tasks in order to lessen up the time consumption for the project undertaken. There are various requirements for successful outsourcing of the business functions and few of the major areas that should be focused on could be the clarification of business goals and objectives, strategic vision and plan, selecting the right vendor and making sure to manage the vendor agreement plan properly. There should be open communication and proper leadership skills present among the manager of the organization to handle the critical issues and make necessary financial adjustments. With the help of proper leadership support, it would be easy to outsource the business functions as well as the human resources, i.e., the employees, promote effective communication and teamwork and furthermore achieve the business objectives (Iqbal and Dad 2013). For example, Woolworths Australia has focused the requirements of open communication to manage changes considering the outsourcing of functions, which is considered as fundamental to the success of the outsourcing program and accomplishment of business goals and objectives. The senior management of Woolworths focused on formulating the goals and objectives of outsourcing and communicated the processes properly to ensure proper exchange and flow of information along with successful allocation of resources too. It could also be found that Woolworths a large number of staffs were transitioned to the employment with WiPro, which assisted in the assigning and deployment at the company and even eased down the management roles and responsibilities (Liu and Wang 2014). The roles and responsibilities were shifted to an outsider playing the management role, which further facilitated betterment of decision making, management of resources, both human resources and financial resources with ease. The company even was found to outsource the truck driver jobs to ensure aligning the transport services with the other retail stores in Australia. This would not only enhance the process of distribution but would also allow the company to generate more revenue in business (Sivakumar, Kannan and Murugesan 2015). Advantages of outsourcing the business functions One of the major advantages of outsourcing the business operations could be the speeding up of business operations and enhancing the flexibility of the organizations. With the outsourcing of business functions and systems, many large companies have managed to retain the agility and speed to improve the business operations efficiency and even reduced the costs of business operations largely. This has not only focused on the key drivers of value, but has also enabled successful; management of customers relationships and brought operational excellence (Butler and Callahan 2014). The companies could become less constrained by the large amounts of expenses made for managing the human resources and also for buying the equipments and machineries required to make the manufacturing and production processes successfully. Through business process and functions outsourcing, it has become easy for the companies to leverage the technology stacks and even implemented the right quality improvement t echniques for maintaining production of good quality products and services. According to various evidences, it could be understood that the four major functions to be considered while outsourcing the business functions including the marketing, sales, human resources and accounting (Pearce 2014). According to Han and Mithas (2013), to grow business, every company needs to manage the marketing approaches properly and for the purpose of developing a strong brand name and image, furthermore manage the lead generation initiatives and adopt social media strategies to market the products and services successfully. All these major components should contribute to the successful growth, development and momentum achieved by the company. Often it is seen that the marketing techniques incur a huge amounts of costs and the marketing professionals are also difficult to find out who can implement the marketing strategy properly without spending much on the resources that are outsourced (Han and Mithas 2013). Thus, it had been important to outsource the marketing functions to a reputed and established organization, which could be skilled and knowledgeable within the particular industry. By providing necessary samples and references, it would be much more convenient to outsource the business functions, furthermore meet the targets within the allotted time (Oshri, Kotlarsky and Willcocks 2015). For a physical store or retail outlet, there might be difficulties in outsourcing the sales functions. Though in case of B2B or business to business approach, the products and services could be sold properly by utilizing the right sales strategy with the utilization of sales resources that should be outsourced. The sales cycle could be outsourced by enabling proper control over the resources, furthermore would lessen up the complexities and business issues, without putting pressure much on the expenditures made by the organizations in Australia (Mukherjee, Gaur and Datta 2013). Human resource management is considered as one of the most important aspects of enhancing the business operations effectiveness and for bringing out the best productivity to increase the sales and profit level. Recruitment and selection of the skilled individuals could sometimes be quite complex during the growth and development of an organization. It would be essential for forming an internal human resource team for managing the functions of recruitment and selection and ensure that the costs of managing the human resources could be reduced to a certain extent. The outsourcing of the human resources could be done by finding a suitable recruitment agency who could work according to the needs and preferences of the organization and access the databases consisting of the most suitable and qualified candidates prior to the recruitment and selection processes (Sturgeon et al. 2013). The accounting and financial management are other important aspects for making proper budgetary plan and ensuring that the costs can be kept under control. The outsourcing of accounting operations could be considered as a business functions outsourcing activity that would save a lot of time and money and reduce the chances of risks furthermore. A team comprising of experts should be selected from a reputed and established organization who could deliver much more experience and skills. It could be more scalable as well as extract the best skills, knowledge and expertise of the expert team to obtain the resources properly and technology at disposal (Schniederjans, Schniederjans and Schniederjans 2015). The streamlining of processes would be possible along with speeding up the processes and reduced risks and errors experienced all throughout. Therefore, these could be the major advantages of outsourcing the business functions and all these activities would even save a considerable amoun t of money as well as time. There would be no such complexities arising regarding the absorption of benefits of the employees and better scopes would appear for gaining the best quality resources by outsourcing the business functions (Albertoni and Elia 2014). The business functions outsourcing had allowed the contracting of business functions, operations and processes to the third party providers to reduce the costs of operations and even allowed the companies to gain competitive advantage in business. Outsourcing a particular task, job or even the functions and system could be beneficial as well as harmful for the business organizations and so careful consideration of the benefits or drawbacks that might be obtained should be assessed at first (Hill, Jones and Schilling 2014). The major advantages of outsourcing the business functions could be improved focus on the core business activities and even analyze the strengths of the employees through monitoring their performances. This would allow the employees to understand their own roles and responsibilities as well as work as an unit to develop strategies for sustaining in the future (Morschett, Schramm-Klein and Zentes 2015). Other benefits included the increased effectiveness of business operations, which had enhanced the ability of the organizations to become more productive and profitable through delivery of the best quality products and services. The costs were kept under control for organizations like JB Hi Fi, Woolworths and Myer by releasing the capital to make investments in various other business areas. This would allow for making necessary changes in those areas and improve those to ensure successful business functioning and better reach to its customers and resources (Johnson 2014). The business functions or processes outsourcing had also lead to the enhanced ability of accessing the resources, capabilities and facilities that might not have been accessible previously by these companies. Leveraging the knowledge, skills and expertise is also considered as another major advantage of outsourcing the business functions, which can enable the business organization to provide better quality products and services to its customers, furthermore achieve competitive advantage within the business environment (Klimovets 2015). Disadvantages of outsourcing the business functions Though there could be various benefits of outsourcing the business functions and systems, still there had been few drawbacks or disadvantages as well. He major disadvantages of business functions outsourcing cold be the lack of timely service delivery, lack of security and confidentiality, less flexible business operations, difficulties in managing the resources sometimes and even the instability, which often might result in degrading the business performance. Though outsourcing the business functions could result in reducing costs of operations and better management of supply chain and resources, still there might be various challenges associated with the hidden costs and layoffs of the local employees. To manage the offshore relationships, there might also be complexities related to the different culture, languages and time zones as well. Sometimes, the outsourcing of business functions could lead to lack of control over the business operations and processes and even problems might arise regarding the quality and turnaround time (Mathur Jain and Khurana 2013). The expected performance standards might not be achieved as well as the human resources should be affected as well. Other major disadvantages of outsourcing business functions could be the exposure of confidential data and information. With the business outsourcing, the important data and information were also transferred to the third party vendors, which could be exposed and fall in wrong hands. The payroll, selection and recruitment processes when outsourced, could lead to the emergence of certain risks such as exposing the confidential data and information to the third party and it could even cost a lot of money for the business organizations to overcome any issues faced associated with it. The deliverables might not be synchronized properly, which could be another major problem because the right third party vendor or partner should not be chosen (Solakivi, Tyli and Ojala 2013). This not only hinders the manufacturing and production processes, but also can create problems regarding late delivery of products and services to its customers, poor quality products and not deploying the roles and res ponsibilities of the workers properly within the workplace of the Australian business organizations. There were lots of hidden costs which often were ignored including signing of a contact related to the management of business across the international boundaries, which could cause serious threats in business and create risks of business loss and failure (Willcocks and Cullen 2013). Lack of focus on the customers needs and preferences should be considered as another major disadvantage faced by the companies while outsourcing the business functions. The third party vendors often face difficulties in focusing the tasks that were needed to be performed by the organization, due to which, the customers needs and expectations remain unfulfilled, which could decline the sales revenue and prevent achieving the business objectives appropriately (Gurung and Prater 2017). By assessing all these advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing, it could be understood that it would be important to understand the significance of the tasks and then take into consideration the benefits and drawbacks that might be achieved. It could not only allow the business to remain profitable through business process and functions outsourcing, but would also improve the business performance (Brown, Sturgeon and Cole 2013). Conclusion From the report, it could be understood that outsourcing of business functions could bring both advantages and disadvantages for the businesses all over Australia. Outsourcing the business functions was mainly done by the business organizations to reduce the cost of operations, enhance the supply chain operations efficiency and ensure better flexibility, swiftness and enhanced skills and expertise management. It could be achieved by recruiting and selecting the right candidates as part of the organization, which could streamline the processes at a faster rate and deliver the best quality output. It though must be kept into consideration hat these activities could cost huge amount of money, which should be overcome by handling the functions to a third party vendors and here the outsourcing could be beneficial. The disadvantages were though experienced as well such as lack of consistency if focusing on the customers needs and requirements, lack of synchronizing the deliverables properl y and risks associated with the exposure of private or confidential data and information. References Albertoni, F. and Elia, S., 2014. 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